- toxins (hepatocyte dysfunction causes impaired lipoprotein secretion)
- diabetes mellitus (excessive fat mobilization)
- protein insufficiency (decreased synthesis of apoproteins, leading to lipoprotein insufficiency)
- excessive fat intake/ caloric intake (normal amounts of lipoprotein aren't sufficient to deal with excess fat)
- starvation (excessive fat mobilization + protein insufficiency)
All of the above eventually lead to accumulation of clear cytoplasmic vacuoles in hepatocytes.
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